华为CE交换机-配置VRRP主备备份

配置VRRP主备备份

组网需求

用户通过网关设备接入上层网络,为保证用户的各种业务在网络传输中不中断,需在网关设备上配置VRRP主备备份功能。

图1所示,DeviceD双归接入DeviceA和DeviceB,用户希望通过DeviceA进行业务转发,DeviceB作为备份。当DeviceA出现故障时,由DeviceB接替进行数据传输。当DeviceA恢复后,链路又重新切回DeviceA上进行数据传输。

图1 配置VRRP主备备份组网图

华为CE交换机-配置VRRP主备备份

本例中interface1,interface2,interface3分别代表100GE1/0/1,100GE1/0/2,100GE1/0/3。

华为CE交换机-配置VRRP主备备份

配置注意事项

DeviceA的接口100GE1/0/3和DeviceB的接口100GE1/0/3的IP地址必须在相同的网段内。

配置思路

采用如下思路配置主备备份VRRP备份组:

  1. 配置各设备接口IP地址及路由协议,使网络层路由可达。
  2. 在DeviceA和DeviceB上配置VRRP备份组。在DeviceA上配置较高优先级,作为Master设备承担流量;在DeviceB上配置较低优先级,作为备用设备,实现冗余备份。

操作步骤

  1. 配置DeviceA、DeviceB和DeviceC各接口的IP地址,并配置采用OSPF协议进行互连。DeviceD的配置详见配置脚本
    # 配置DeviceA。

    <HUAWEI> system-view
    [~HUAWEI] sysname DeviceA
    [*HUAWEI] commit
    [~DeviceA] interface 100ge 1/0/3
    [~DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] undo portswitch
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] ip address 10.1.1.1 24
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] quit
    [*DeviceA] interface 100ge 1/0/1
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/1] undo portswitch
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/1] ip address 192.168.1.1 24
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/1] quit
    [*DeviceA] ospf 1
    [*DeviceA-ospf-1] area 0
    [*DeviceA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [*DeviceA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [*DeviceA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
    [*DeviceA-ospf-1] quit
    [*DeviceA] commit

    # 配置DeviceB。

    <HUAWEI> system-view
    [~HUAWEI] sysname DeviceB
    [*HUAWEI] commit
    [~DeviceB] interface 100ge 1/0/3
    [~DeviceB-100GE1/0/3] undo portswitch
    [*DeviceB-100GE1/0/3] ip address 10.1.1.2 24
    [*DeviceB-100GE1/0/3] quit
    [*DeviceB] interface 100ge 1/0/2
    [*DeviceB-100GE1/0/2] undo portswitch
    [*DeviceB-100GE1/0/2] ip address 192.168.2.1 24
    [*DeviceB-100GE1/0/2] quit
    [*DeviceB] ospf 1
    [*DeviceB-ospf-1] area 0
    [*DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [*DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
    [*DeviceB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
    [*DeviceB-ospf-1] quit
    [*DeviceB] commit

    # 配置DeviceC。

    <HUAWEI> system-view
    [~HUAWEI] sysname DeviceC
    [*HUAWEI] commit
    [~DeviceC] interface 100ge 1/0/1
    [~DeviceC-100GE1/0/1] undo portswitch
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/1] ip address 192.168.1.2 24
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/1] quit
    [*DeviceC] interface 100ge 1/0/2
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/2] undo portswitch
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/2] ip address 192.168.2.2 24
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/2] quit
    [*DeviceC] interface 100ge 1/0/3
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/3] undo portswitch
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/3] ip address 172.16.1.1 24
    [*DeviceC-100GE1/0/3] quit
    [*DeviceC] ospf 1
    [*DeviceC-ospf-1] area 0
    [*DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [*DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
    [*DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [*DeviceC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
    [*DeviceC-ospf-1] quit
    [*DeviceC] commit
  2. 配置VRRP备份组。

    # 在DeviceA上,创建VRRP备份组1,配置VRRP安全策略,配置DeviceA在该备份组中的优先级为120(作为Master设备),并配置抢占延迟时间为20秒。

    [~DeviceA] interface 100ge 1/0/3
    [~DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
    [~DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode md5 YsH_2022
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] vrrp vrid 1 preempt timer delay 20
    [*DeviceA-100GE1/0/3] quit
    [*DeviceA] commit

    # 在DeviceB上,创建VRRP备份组1,配置VRRP安全策略,并配置DeviceB在该备份组中的优先级为缺省值100(作为Backup设备)。

    [~DeviceB] interface 100ge 1/0/3
    [~DeviceB-100GE1/0/3] vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
    [~DeviceB-100GE1/0/3] vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode md5 YsH_2022
    [*DeviceB-100GE1/0/3] quit
    [*DeviceB] commit

检查配置结果

# 在DeviceA和DeviceB上查看VRRP备份组的状态信息。

[~DeviceA] display vrrp verbose
100GE1/0/3 | Virtual Router 1
State         : Master
Virtual IP        : 10.1.1.111
Master IP         : 10.1.1.1
PriorityRun       : 120
PriorityConfig    : 120
MasterPriority    : 120
Preempt           : YES      Delay Time : 20s    Remain : --
Hold Multiplier   : 4
TimerRun          : 1s
TimerConfig       : 1s
Auth Type         : MD5      Auth Key : ******
Virtual MAC       : 00-e0-fc-12-78-90
Check TTL         : YES
Config Type       : Normal
Create Time       : 2020-12-29 05:41:23
Last Change Time  : 2020-12-29 05:41:33
[~DeviceB] display vrrp verbose
100GE1/0/3 | Virtual Router 1
State         : Backup
Virtual IP        : 10.1.1.111
Master IP         : 10.1.1.1
PriorityRun       : 100
PriorityConfig    : 100
MasterPriority    : 120
Preempt           : YES      Delay Time : 0s    Remain : --
Hold Multiplier   : 4
TimerRun          : 1s
TimerConfig       : 1s
Auth Type         : MD5      Auth Key : ******
Virtual MAC       : 00-e0-fc-12-78-90
Check TTL         : YES
Config Type       : Normal
Create Time       : 2020-12-29 05:41:23
Last Change Time  : 2020-12-29 05:41:33

可以看到DeviceA在备份组中的状态是Master,DeviceB在备份组中的状态是Backup。

# 在DeviceA和DeviceB上查看路由信息。

[~DeviceA] display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib, T - to vpn-instance, B - black hole route
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Table : _public_
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 14        

Destination/Mask    Proto  Pre  Cost        Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.1.1.0/24  Direct 0    0             D  10.1.1.1        100GE1/0/3
       10.1.1.1/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/3
   10.1.1.111/32  Direct 0   0           D  127.0.0.1     100GE1/0/3
     10.1.1.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/3
     172.16.1.0/24  OSPF   10   2             D  192.168.1.2     100GE1/0/3
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    192.168.1.0/24  Direct 0    0             D  192.168.1.1     100GE1/0/1
    192.168.1.1/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/1
    192.168.1.2/32  Direct 0    0             D  192.168.1.2     100GE1/0/1
  192.168.1.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/1
    192.168.2.0/24  OSPF   10   2             D  10.1.1.2        100GE1/0/3
255.255.255.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
[~DeviceB] display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib, T - to vpn-instance, B - black hole route
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Table : _public_
         Destinations : 13       Routes : 13        

Destination/Mask    Proto  Pre  Cost        Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.1.1.0/24  Direct 0    0             D  10.1.1.2        100GE1/0/3
       10.1.1.2/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/3
   10.1.1.111/32  OSPF  10  2            D  10.1.1.1      100GE1/0/3
     10.1.1.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/3
     172.16.1.0/24  OSPF   10   2             D  192.168.2.2     100GE1/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    192.168.1.0/24  OSPF   10   2             D  10.1.1.1        100GE1/0/3
    192.168.2.0/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/2
    192.168.2.1/32  Direct 0    0             D  192.168.2.1     100GE1/0/2
    192.168.2.2/24  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/2
  192.168.2.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       100GE1/0/2
255.255.255.255/32  Direct 0    0             D  127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

在DeviceA上可以看到路由表中有一条目的地址为虚拟IP地址的直连路由,而DeviceB上该路由为OSPF路由。

# 验证DeviceA故障时DeviceB能够成为Master设备。在DeviceA的100GE1/0/3接口执行shutdown命令,模拟DeviceA出现故障。

[~DeviceA] display vrrp verbose
100GE1/0/3 | Virtual Router 1
State             : Initialize
Virtual IP        : 10.1.1.111
Master IP         : 0.0.0.0
PriorityRun       : 120
PriorityConfig    : 120
MasterPriority    : 0
Preempt           : YES      Delay Time : 20s    Remain : --
Hold Multiplier   : 4
TimerRun          : 1s
TimerConfig       : 1s
Auth Type         : MD5      Auth Key : ******
Virtual MAC       : 00-e0-fc-12-78-90
Check TTL         : YES
Config Type       : Normal
Create Time       : 2020-12-29 05:51:23
Last Change Time  : 2020-12-29 05:51:33
[~DeviceB] display vrrp verbose
100GE1/0/3 | Virtual Router 1
State             : Master
Virtual IP        : 10.1.1.111
Master IP         : 10.1.1.2
PriorityRun       : 100
PriorityConfig    : 100
MasterPriority    : 100
Preempt           : YES      Delay Time : 0s    Remain : --
Hold Multiplier   : 4
TimerRun          : 1s
TimerConfig       : 1s
Auth Type         : MD5      Auth Key : ******
Virtual MAC       : 00-e0-fc-12-78-90
Check TTL         : YES
Config Type       : Normal
Create Time       : 2020-12-29 05:51:23
Last Change Time  : 2020-12-29 05:51:33

可以看到DeviceA在备份组中的状态为Initialize,DeviceB在备份组中的状态是Master。

# 验证DeviceA恢复后能够抢占成为Master。对DeviceA的100GE1/0/3接口执行undo shutdown命令,100GE1/0/3接口恢复Up态后,需要等待20秒。

[~DeviceA] display vrrp verbose
100GE1/0/3 | Virtual Router 1
State             : Master
Virtual IP        : 10.1.1.111
Master IP         : 10.1.1.1
PriorityRun       : 120
PriorityConfig    : 120
MasterPriority    : 120
Preempt           : YES      Delay Time : 20s    Remain : --
Hold Multiplier   : 4
TimerRun          : 1s
TimerConfig       : 1s
Auth Type         : MD5      Auth Key : ******
Virtual MAC       : 00-e0-fc-12-78-90
Check TTL         : YES
Config Type       : Normal
Create Time       : 2020-12-29 05:56:23
Last Change Time  : 2020-12-29 05:56:33
[~DeviceB] display vrrp verbose
100GE1/0/3 | Virtual Router 1
State             : Backup
Virtual IP        : 10.1.1.111
Master IP         : 10.1.1.1
PriorityRun       : 100
PriorityConfig    : 100
MasterPriority    : 120
Preempt           : YES      Delay Time : 0s    Remain : --
Hold Multiplier   : 4
TimerRun          : 1s
TimerConfig       : 1s
Auth Type         : MD5      Auth Key : ******
Virtual MAC       : 00-e0-fc-12-78-90
Check TTL         : YES
Config Type       : Normal
Create Time       : 2020-12-29 05:56:23
Last Change Time  : 2020-12-29 05:56:33

可以看到DeviceA在备份组中的状态恢复成Master,DeviceB在备份组中的状态变为Backup。

配置脚本

  • DeviceA

    #
     sysname DeviceA
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/1
     undo portswitch
     ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/3
     undo portswitch
     ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
     vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
     vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode md5 YsH_2022
     vrrp vrid 1 priority 120
     vrrp vrid 1 preempt timer delay 20
    #
    ospf 1
     area 0.0.0.0
      network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
      network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
    #
    return
  • DeviceB
    #
    sysname DeviceB
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/2
     undo portswitch
     ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/3
     undo portswitch
     ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
     vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.111
     vrrp vrid 1 authentication-mode md5 YsH_2022
    #
    ospf 1
     area 0.0.0.0
      network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
      network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
    #
    return
  • DeviceC
    #
    sysname DeviceC
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/1
     undo portswitch
     ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/2
     undo portswitch
     ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/3
     undo portswitch
     ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
    #
    ospf 1
     area 0.0.0.0
      network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
      network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
      network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
    #
    return
  • DeviceD

    #
     sysname DeviceD
    #
     vlan 10
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/1
     port default vlan 10
    #
    interface 100GE1/0/2
     port link-type access
     port default vlan 10
    #
    return
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