CLI举例：防火墙直路部署，上下行连接路由器的负载分担组网

2026年 3月 24日 网络安全 SE_YT

CLI举例：防火墙直路部署，上下行连接路由器的负载分担组网

介绍了业务接口工作在三层，上下行连接路由器的负载分担组网的CLI举例。

组网需求

如图1所示，两台FW的业务接口都工作在三层，上下行分别连接路由器。FW与上下行路由器之间运行OSPF协议。现在希望两台FW以负载分担方式工作。正常情况下，FW_A和FW_B共同转发流量。当其中一台FW出现故障时，另外一台FW转发全部业务，保证业务不中断。

图1 业务接口工作在三层，上下行连接路由器的负载分担组网
CLI举例：防火墙直路部署，上下行连接路由器的负载分担组网

操作步骤

  1. 完成网络基本配置。 

    FW_A

    FW_B

    # 配置FW各接口的IP地址。

    		 
    <FW_A> system-view 
[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 10.2.0.1 24
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit 
[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.3.0.1 24
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit 
[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/7] ip address 10.10.0.1 24
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/7] quit
    		 
    <FW_B> system-view 
[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 10.2.1.1 24
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit 
[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.3.1.1 24
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit 
[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/7] ip address 10.10.0.2 24
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/7] quit

    # 将FW各接口加入相应的安全区域。

    		 
    [FW_A] firewall zone trust
[FW_A-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_A-zone-trust] quit 
[FW_A] firewall zone dmz
[FW_A-zone-dmz] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7
[FW_A-zone-dmz] quit 
[FW_A] firewall zone untrust
[FW_A-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-zone-untrust] quit
    		 
    [FW_B] firewall zone trust
[FW_B-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_B-zone-trust] quit 
[FW_B] firewall zone dmz
[FW_B-zone-dmz] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7
[FW_B-zone-dmz] quit 
[FW_B] firewall zone untrust
[FW_B-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_B-zone-untrust] quit

    # 在FW上配置OSPF，保证路由可达。

    		 
    [FW_A] ospf 10
[FW_A-ospf-10] area 0
[FW_A-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_A-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.3.0.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_A-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[FW_A-ospf-10] quit
    		 
    [FW_B] ospf 10
[FW_B-ospf-10] area 0
[FW_B-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_B-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_B-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[FW_B-ospf-10] quit

     

  2. 配置双机热备功能。 

    FW_A

    FW_B

    # 在FW上配置VGMP组监控上下行业务接口。

    		 
    [FW_A] hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A] hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
    		 
    [FW_B] hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_B] hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3

    # 负载分担组网下，两台FW都转发流量，为了防止来回路径不一致，需要在两台FW上都配置会话快速备份功能。

    		 
    [FW_A] hrp mirror session enable
    		 
    [FW_B] hrp mirror session enable

    # 在FW上指定心跳口并启用双机热备功能。

    		 
    [FW_A] hrp interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7 remote 10.10.0.2
[FW_A] hrp enable
    		 
    [FW_B] hrp interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7 remote 10.10.0.1
[FW_B] hrp enable

     

  3. 在FW_A上配置安全策略。双机热备状态成功建立后，FW_A的安全策略配置会自动备份到FW_B上。 

    # 配置安全策略，允许FW与上下行路由器交互OSPF报文。

    CLI举例：防火墙直路部署，上下行连接路由器的负载分担组网

    OSPF报文是否受安全策略控制决定于firewall packet-filter basic-protocol enable命令的配置。缺省情况下，firewall packet-filter basic-protocol enable处于开启状态，即OSPF报文受安全策略控制，需要在上下行业务接口所在安全区域与local区域之间配置安全策略，允许协议类型为OSPF的报文通过。本例以firewall packet-filter basic-protocol enable开启为例进行介绍。

    HRP_M[FW_A] security-policy
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy_ospf_1 
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_1] source-zone local
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_1] destination-zone trust untrust
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_1] service ospf
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_1] action permit
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_1] quit
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy_ospf_2 
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_2] source-zone trust untrust
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_2] destination-zone local
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_2] service ospf
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_2] action permit
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_ospf_2] quit

    # 配置安全策略，允许内网用户访问外网。

    HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy_sec 
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_sec] source-zone trust
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_sec] destination-zone untrust
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_sec] source-address 10.3.2.0 24
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_sec] source-address 10.3.3.0 24
HRP_M[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy_sec] action permit

     

  4. 配置路由器。 

    分别在四台路由器上配置OSPF，发布相邻网段，具体配置命令请参考路由器的相关文档。

     

结果验证

在FW_A和FW_B上执行display hrp state verbose命令，检查当前VGMP组的状态，显示以下信息表示双机热备建立成功。

FW_A

FW_B

 
HRP_M<FW_A> display hrp state verbose
 Role: active, peer: active    
 Running priority: 45000, peer: 45000                                         
 Backup channel usage: 30%       
 Stable time: 1 days, 13 hours, 35 minutes                                      
 Last state change information: 2018-03-22 16:01:56 HRP core state changed, old_
state = normal(active), new_state = normal(active), local_priority = 45000,
 peer_priority = 45000.       
              
 Configuration:                 
 hello interval:              1000ms 
 preempt:                     60s  
 mirror configuration:        off
 mirror session:              on 
 track trunk member:          on
 auto-sync configuration:     on
 auto-sync connection-status: on
 adjust ospf-cost:            on
 adjust ospfv3-cost:          on
 adjust bgp-cost:             on
 nat resource:                off
                                
 Detail information:            
                       GigabitEthernet1/0/1: up
                       GigabitEthernet1/0/3: up
                                  ospf-cost: +0
 
HRP_S<FW_B> display hrp state verbose
 Role: active, peer: active    
 Running priority: 45000, peer: 45000      
 Backup channel usage: 30%       
 Stable time: 1 days, 13 hours, 35 minutes   
 Last state change information: 2018-03-22 16:01:56 HRP core state changed, old_
state = normal(standby), new_state = normal(active), local_priority = 45000,
 peer_priority = 45000.       
              
 Configuration:                 
 hello interval:              1000ms 
 preempt:                     60s   
 mirror configuration:        off   
 mirror session:              on
 track trunk member:          on
 auto-sync configuration:     on
 auto-sync connection-status: on
 adjust ospf-cost:            on
 adjust ospfv3-cost:          on
 adjust bgp-cost:             on
 nat resource:                off   
                                
 Detail information:            
                       GigabitEthernet1/0/1: up
                       GigabitEthernet1/0/3: up
                                  ospf-cost: +0

配置脚本

FW_A

FW_B

 
#
 hrp enable
 hrp interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7 remote 10.10.0.2
 hrp mirror session enable
 hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
 hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
#
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
 ip address 10.2.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
 ip address 10.3.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7
 ip address 10.10.0.1 255.255.255.0
#  
firewall zone trust
 set priority 85
 add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
#  
firewall zone untrust
 set priority 5
 add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
#  
firewall zone dmz
 set priority 50
 add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7
#  
ospf 10 
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 10.2.0.0 0.0.0.255
  network 10.3.0.0 0.0.0.255
#  
security-policy
 rule name policy_ospf_1
  source-zone local
  destination-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  service ospf
  action permit
 rule name policy_ospf_2
  source-zone trust
  source-zone untrust
  destination-zone local
  service ospf
  action permit
 rule name policy_sec
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  source-address 10.3.2.0 24
  source-address 10.3.3.0 24
  action permit

#
 hrp enable
 hrp interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7 remote 10.10.0.1
 hrp mirror session enable
 hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
 hrp track interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
#
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
 ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
 ip address 10.3.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/7
 ip address 10.10.0.2 255.255.255.0
#  
firewall zone trust
 set priority 85
 add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
#  
firewall zone untrust
 set priority 5
 add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
#  
firewall zone dmz
 set priority 50
 add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7
#  
ospf 10
 area 0.0.0.0
  network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255
  network 10.3.1.0 0.0.0.255
#  
security-policy
 rule name policy_ospf_1
  source-zone local
  destination-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  service ospf
  action permit
 rule name policy_ospf_2
  source-zone trust
  source-zone untrust
  destination-zone local
  service ospf
  action permit
 rule name policy_sec
  source-zone trust
  destination-zone untrust
  source-address 10.3.2.0 24
  source-address 10.3.3.0 24
  action permit
版权声明：
作者：SE_YT
链接：https://www.cnesa.cn/10896.html
文章版权归作者所有，未经允许请勿转载。
上一篇 【转载】Kali 安装 Nessus 详细过程
下一篇 统信开机无法进入系统（二）