在独立 Tomcat 中实现应用的热部署

<Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
      unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"  <!-- 核心：开启自动部署 -->
      deployOnStartup="true"              <!-- 启动时部署 webapps 下所有应用 -->
      deployXML="true"                    <!-- 解析应用 META-INF/context.xml -->
      xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">

  <!-- 可选：配置热部署扫描间隔（毫秒），默认5000ms -->
  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
         prefix="localhost_access_log" suffix=".txt"
         pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b"/>
</Host>

<tomcat-users xmlns="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml"
              xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
              xsi:schemaLocation="http://tomcat.apache.org/xml tomcat-users.xsd"
              version="1.0">
  <!-- 授予 manager-gui（控制台）和 manager-script（API）权限 -->
  <user username="deploy_admin" password="Deploy@1234" roles="manager-gui,manager-script"/>
</tomcat-users>

<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
  <!-- 注释掉以下 IP 限制，允许所有IP访问（生产可指定固定IP） -->
  <!--
  <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
         allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
  -->
</Context>

# 1. 重新部署已存在的应用（myapp）
curl -u deploy_admin:Deploy@1234 -X POST "http://TomcatIP:8080/manager/text/reload?path=/myapp"
# 成功返回：OK - Reloaded application at context path [/myapp]

# 2. 部署新 war 包（从本地文件上传）
curl -u deploy_admin:Deploy@1234 -T /local/path/myapp.war "http://TomcatIP:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=/myapp&update=true"
# update=true：覆盖已存在的应用（核心：实现热更新）

# 3. 卸载旧应用
curl -u deploy_admin:Deploy@1234 -X POST "http://TomcatIP:8080/manager/text/undeploy?path=/myapp"

用户请求 → Nginx（负载均衡）→ Tomcat 集群（实例1/实例2/实例3）

upstream tomcat_cluster {
    server 192.168.1.100:8080 weight=1; # Tomcat 实例1
    server 192.168.1.101:8080 weight=1; # Tomcat 实例2
    server 192.168.1.102:8080 weight=1; # Tomcat 实例3
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name myapp.example.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://tomcat_cluster;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        # 节点不可用时自动切换
        proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;
    }
}

#!/bin/bash
# 生产环境无停机热部署脚本
TOMCAT_NODES=("192.168.1.100" "192.168.1.101" "192.168.1.102")
USER="deploy_admin"
PWD="Deploy@1234"
APP_NAME="myapp"
WAR_PATH="/local/build/myapp.war"

# 遍历所有 Tomcat 节点，分批部署
for node in "${TOMCAT_NODES[@]}"; do
    echo "===== 开始部署节点 $node ====="
    # 1. Nginx 下线该节点（临时屏蔽流量）
    sed -i "s/server $node:8080/server $node:8080 backup/" /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    nginx -s reload
    echo "节点 $node 已下线，开始热部署..."

    # 2. 热部署应用到该节点
    curl -u $USER:$PWD -T $WAR_PATH "http://$node:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=/$APP_NAME&update=true"

    # 3. 验证应用是否正常
    sleep 5 # 等待应用启动
    if curl -s "http://$node:8080/$APP_NAME/health" | grep "UP"; then
        echo "节点 $node 部署成功，上线节点..."
        # 4. Nginx 上线该节点
        sed -i "s/server $node:8080 backup/server $node:8080/" /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
        nginx -s reload
    else
        echo "节点 $node 部署失败，回滚并告警！"
        # 回滚操作（部署旧版本 war 包）
        curl -u $USER:$PWD -T /local/backup/myapp-old.war "http://$node:8080/manager/text/deploy?path=/$APP_NAME&update=true"
        exit 1
    fi
done

echo "所有节点热部署完成，业务无感知！"